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	LOGICS AND SEMANTIC WEB: THEORIES AND APPLICATIONS Master Thesis in Communication Theories, University of Roma Tre, May 2007 by Marco Romano Hosting enterprise: Epistematica Srl Relator: Prof. V.M. Abrusci Co-relator: Dott. R. Maieli

The Semantic Web tries to achieve a full realization of Web as his creator, Tim Berners-Lee, thought it. Briefly: services, applications and "intelligent" agents interacting on the net thanks to metadata transferring between them, making them able to recognize objects they manipulate while they are serving our scopes, lowering our cognitive engagement and commitment and, further, showing us only (what should be) relevant information related to our researches and activities, gathered from the Web abysses.
Specific languages make possible the exploitation on the Web of the huge computation abilities of the current available machines, up to now get limited by the solely use as access terminals to the Web. By those languages, labeling information and, at the same time, structuring it in logically related units (with variable granularity) is made possible; in such a way Web information can be represented and exploited by machines. This kind of description activity on Web results in the production of "metadata" layer (information on information) that, often oversimplified as "meaning of web resources", has driven the naming of such a new technology as Semantic Web.
Thus, the Semantic Web model seems to be hardly embedded in the traditionally simbolic approach of computer sciences, mainly based on the strict separation between syntax and semantics: on one hand semantics implies the use of well established meanings, while at the same time syntax can be easily managed by machines, because it provides for resource "labelling", a procedure that allows recognition and proper interpretation of use in some algorithms by machines.
Actually, the Semantic Web model significantly improves previous computer sciences tradition. The application on web of that model causes the evolution from a state where a unique default theory is provided to a condition where there's a web of theories, where everyone can use a common formal language (based on RDF and OWL standards) to build and share his model of reality.
In this thesis work, beyond a critical analysis of the Semantic Web project as intended by W3C Consortium, some ideas are proposed about the application on Semantic Web of a new approach, the geometric one, which investigate the intriguing possibility to adopt purely geometric demonstrative models provided by the Linear Logic, that conjugate the logic formalism with the representation through models free from the non-translatable aspects of language.

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Image: Portrait of Aristotle, by Lisippo. Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna